北京— 在世界最大的亚洲大陆:，中美之间的人工智能竞赛正在升温。
BEIJING — The artificial intelligence race between the U.S. and China is heating up in the world的 largest continent: Asia.
"美国的战略是阻止中国成为亚洲其他地区领先的人工智能供应商……坦率地说，是全世界,"，The Blueshirt Group 董事总经理 Gary Dvorchak, 表示。虽然中国'的替代品更便宜,，但他指出美国目前提供了从芯片到人工智能模型的更完整的解决方案。
"The American strategy is to stop China from becoming the leading AI supplier for the rest of Asia ... and frankly the whole world," said Gary Dvorchak, managing director at The Blueshirt Group. While China的 alternatives are cheaper, he pointed out the U.S. currently offers a more complete solution from chips to AI models.
但本月在中国西南部城市成都举行的亚太经济合作组织"Digital Weeks" 上，美国的销售挑战显而易见。
But the U.S. sales challenge was apparent at the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation "Digital Weeks" in the southwestern Chinese city of Chengdu this month.
尽管一名美国官员和一名美国驻 APEC 企业代表今年早些时候都强调人工智能在推动成都活动中的作用，但美国却没有在公开场合留下任何参与,活动的痕迹。由于美国政策突然变化,，Anthropic 的 Fable AI 模型发布失败，而新的中国 AI 模型最近以低得多的价格推出了类似的功能，因此美国市场的影响力受到削弱。
The U.S. left few public traces of its involvement in the event, despite a U.S. official and a U.S. business representative to APEC both highlighting AI in promoting the Chengdu event earlier this year. The subdued U.S. presence comes after Anthropic flip-flopped on its Fable AI model release due to abrupt U.S. policy changes, and new Chinese AI models have recently launched similar capabilities for far less.
相比之下,去年夏天在韩国举行的首次 APEC 人工智能会议, Michael Kratsios, 总统唐纳德·特朗普'的首席科技政策顾问,根据白宫的讲话记录强调了美国人工智能行动计划和美国人工智能出口计划的建立,。
In contrast, last summer at the first APEC AI meeting in South Korea, Michael Kratsios, President Donald Trump的 chief science and technology policy advisor, highlighted the U.S. AI Action Plan and the establishment of the American AI Exports Program, according to a White House transcript of his remarks.
然而, 本月早些时候，Politico 援引三名前官员的话说，商务部迄今为止收到的美国人工智能出口计划申请数量低于预期的 78 份。
However, earlier this month Politico cited three former officials in reporting the Commerce Department has so far received a less-than-expected 78 applications for the American AI Exports Program.
他广泛呼吁建立亚太伙伴关系,，并指出买家可以通过出口计划获得完整的美国技术堆栈或仅部分技术堆栈。 "正是这一出色的设计展现了美国AI,安全性和能力的实力,"Guidera表示。
He called broadly for Asia-Pacific partnerships, noting buyers can acquire a full U.S. tech stack or just portions through the exports program. "It is the brilliant design that shows the strength, security and capability of U.S. AI," Guidera said.
美国商务部'国际贸易管理局在7月29日的社交媒体帖子中证实，古德拉在成都发表了讲话。当被问及 Politico 报告, 时，ITA 发言人表示申请量" 超出了我们的预期。" 白宫没有回应 CNBC 的置评请求。
The Commerce Department的 International Trade Administration confirmed in a July 29 social media post that Guidera spoke in Chengdu. When asked about the Politico report, an ITA spokesperson said the volume of applications "exceeded our expectations." The White House did not respond to a CNBC request for comment.
美国的商业展示也很有限。据 CNBC 报道，截至 7 月 23,，谷歌和 Meta 是唯一在 APEC 上拥有展位的美国公司，而泰国和中国, 的展位大多是成都公司。两家美国公司分别强调分子人工智能系统AlphaFold和针对小型企业的人工智能应用,而不是大型语言模型。
American business showcases were also limited. Google and Meta were the only U.S. companies that CNBC noted had booths at APEC as of July 23, among booths for Thailand and China, which were mostly Chengdu-based companies. The two U.S. companies respectively emphasized molecular AI system AlphaFold and AI applications for small businesses, rather than large language models.
Google'的政府事务副总裁, Wilson L. White,在7月24,的一次演讲中只是顺便提到了Gemini，而腾讯副总裁蔡光中在White之后上台强调其混源LLM和泰国云项目的采用率越来越高。
Google的 government affairs vice president, Wilson L. White, only made passing references to Gemini in a speech on July 24, while Tencent Vice President Cai Guangzhong took the stage after White to emphasize growing adoption of its Hunyuan LLM and a cloud project in Thailand.
北京的人工智能外交
Beijing的 AI diplomacy
中国今年将主办亚太经合组织,，恰逢中美关系紧张和科技竞争的关键时刻。
China is hosting APEC this year, which comes at a critical moment of U.S.-China tensions and tech rivalry.
北京方面加倍利用机会来强调其人工智能能力,，这些能力大多是开源的，而不是基本上封闭的美国模型。
Beijing has doubled down on the opportunity to emphasize its AI capabilities, which are mostly open-source versus largely closed U.S. models.
中国国家主席习近平7月17日在上海举行的世界人工智能大会上宣布，中国将为发展中国家提供5,000的人工智能培训和研讨会,机会，同时与东南亚等地区建立人工智能应用合作中心。
Chinese President Xi Jinping announced at the World AI Conference in Shanghai on July 17 that China would provide developing countries with 5,000 opportunities in AI training and seminars, while developing AI application cooperation centers with Southeast Asia and other regions.
随后，北京于 7 月 23 日派出高级官员, 副总理张国庆, 在部长级 APEC 数字周上倡导与其他亚太国家制定技术标准。当天晚些时候, 包括美国在内的 21 个成员经济体, 同意支持具有 " 强大安全性的开源人工智能。"
Beijing then sent a high-ranking official, Vice Premier Zhang Guoqing, to advocate for developing tech standards with other Asia Pacific nations at the minister-level APEC Digital Weeks on July 23. Later that day, the 21 member economies, including the U.S., agreed to back open-source AI with "strong security."
"具有强大安全保证的开源模型的'认可'使中国'的开放权重战略具有更大的区域合法性,，尤其是在部署成本和技术主权是主要考虑因素的亚洲新兴经济体,"孙伟,首席分析师,人工智能, Counterpoint Research表示。
"The 'endorsement' of open-source models with strong security assurance gives China的 open-weight strategy greater regional legitimacy, especially across emerging Asian economies where deployment cost and technological sovereignty are major considerations," said Wei Sun, principal analyst, artificial intelligence, Counterpoint Research.
强制整合
Forced integration
但 Sun 预计科技, 的结合不会出现在美国和中国 AI, 领域，尤其是在亚洲。
But rather than a world divided into spheres of U.S. and Chinese AI, Sun expects a combination of the tech, especially in Asia.
仅在东南亚就有超过 1,300 种语言, 仅使用美国或中国的人工智能模型'并不像看起来那么简单。
With more than 1,300 living languages in Southeast Asia alone, just using a U.S. or Chinese AI model isn't as straightforward as it looks.
根据私人资助的初创公司 Votee AI 的数据，亚洲和其他地区的政府正在花费 220 亿" 用于针对当地语言, 定制的人工智能系统。首席执行官 Pak-Sun Ting 表示，他正在与至少五个政府, 合作，其中两个在东南亚,，并且该初创公司每年的收入已远远超过 $.1 亿。
Governments in Asia and elsewhere are spending "billions" on AI systems tailored to local languages, according to privately funded startup Votee AI. CEO Pak-Sun Ting said he is working with at least five governments, including two in Southeast Asia, and that the startup is already making well over $10 million in revenue a year.
Ting 表示，东南亚的实体倾向于使用 Nvidia 芯片,，特别是用于人工智能训练,，但也可能使用其他芯片来运行模型。他指出，Votee的粤语开源模型部分是使用阿里巴巴的开源 Qwen 模型开发的。
Ting said entities in Southeast Asia tend to use Nvidia chips, especially for AI training, but may use other chips for running models. He noted Votee的 open-source model for Cantonese speakers was developed partly using Alibaba的 open-source Qwen model.
无论其来源如何，AI 产生经济回报的能力仍然至关重要。
AI的 ability to generate economic returns remains critical regardless of origin.
"虽然美国和中国通过不同的方式在人工智能技术和外交领域展开激烈竞争,，但它们最终无法完全相互脱钩,"经济学人智库首席经济学家苏悦,表示。
"While the U.S. and China are fiercely competing in AI technology and diplomacy through distinct approaches, they ultimately cannot fully decouple from one another," said Yue Su, principal economist at the Economist Intelligence Unit.
她指出，考虑到 7 月 24 日举行的旧金山人工智能峰会等其他活动,，美国在 APEC 上的少量参与并不令人惊讶'。
She pointed out the light U.S. presence at APEC wasn't that surprising given other events, such as a San Francisco AI Summit on July 24.
韩国的 科技部组织了, 活动，总统李在明 (Lee Jae-myung) 会见了美国前沿人工智能模型领导者 OpenAI, 的萨姆·奥尔特曼 (Sam Altman), Anthropic 的达里奥·阿莫迪 (Dario Amodei) 和 Nvidia 的黄仁勋 (Jensen Huang)，寻求以韩国芯片和人工智能大型项目为基础。
South Korea的 tech ministry organized the event, where President Lee Jae-myung sought to build on Korean chip and AI megaprojects by meeting with U.S. frontier AI model leaders Sam Altman of OpenAI, Dario Amodei of Anthropic and Jensen Huang of Nvidia.
—CNBC的 Jenny Lee 对本报告做出了贡献。
—CNBC的 Jenny Lee contributed to this report.
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